四、副词的比较级与最高级

　　副词的比较级与最高级的变化规则和用法与形容词的变化相同，但在副词的最高级前可省掉定冠词the。

　　例句： Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles reacted more enthusiastically to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, suggesting that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around.(选自2011年Use of English)

　　分析： 该句是复合句，主干部分是Those...reacted more enthusiastically to funny cartoons than did those...，其中did代替了与主句相同的谓语部分reacted enthusiastically to funny cartoons，正常语序为...than those...did。另外，分词短语forced to exercise their smiling muscles作后置定语，修饰主语those;whose mouths were contracted in a frown是一个定语从句，修饰句中的第二个those;suggesting that...是分词短语作状语，表示结果，相当于which引导的一个非限制性定语从句。

　　译文：那些被迫锻炼笑肌的人比那些嘴形收缩得犹如紧皱的眉毛般的人对滑稽的卡通动画的反应更为强烈，这表明表情也可以影响情绪而非只能是情绪影响表情。

　　例句：The people whove been hurt the worst are those whove stayed too long. (选自2011年Text 2)

　　分析：该句是复合句，主句的主干部分是The people are those，两个定语从句whove been hurt the worst 和whove stayed too long分别修饰先行词the people和those。

　　译文：受伤害最深的就是那些待得太久的人。

　　例句：Among other students in his class, he studies (the) hardest.

　　译文：他在班上学习最刻苦。

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