continue

　　对于时态方面有一点特殊性：1)不用进行时态;2)不用两种以上的时态

　　whether… or的正确表达：

　　RIGHT:

　　I decided to eat the food, WHETHER it was tasty OR NOT

　　WHETHER trash OR treasure, the recycables must be picked up.

　　whether or not的使用：

　　1) 在引导宾从的时候只能够用whether，而不能加or not，否则累赘

　　2) 在引导状从的时候必须加上or not，即whether or not.

　　whether表示列举时候的用法：Whether A, B, or C.

　　OG说：whether is preferred to if when there are only two alternatives. 于是GMAC告诉我们，当 express a doubt or choice between two possibilities的时候一定要用whether ,这是GMAC的规定。注意一下if可以表示多选一，但是whether不可以。

　　depend的习语用法：

　　RIGHT： The outcome DEPENDS ON WHETHER he CAN make friends.

　　WRONG： The outcome DEPENDS ON HIS ABILITY TO make friends.

　　depends on whether he can make friends.就是depend on YES or NO

　　depends on his ability to make friends. ability就是量化了，能力可能有：很差，一般，还行，很好...whatever

　　seem 的习语用法的补充：

　　RIGHT: This result SEEMS TO DEMONSTRATE the new theory.

　　IT SEEMS THAT this result DEMONSTRATES the new theory.

　　IT SEEMS AS IF this result DEMONSTRATES the new theory.

　　正确句子中的as if应该也是充当引导从句的作用，只不过这个引导词有实义而已

　　关于so as to和so that的区别：

　　you don't use so ADJ as to VERB unless the VERB describes some sort of state/condition. i.e., if the verb is an action verb, this construction generally isn't used.

　　manhattan的关于so的各种用法的解释：

　　1.so that：

　　it also illustrates the meaning of "so that..." -- namely, that construction is placed in front of a clause that describes the intention or goal of some action.

　　e.g., James started weight training so that he could become stronger. 加情态动词，不加情态动词时表结果

　　2.so... that

　　"so ADJ/ADV that ..." is

　　* used to emphasize the extreme quality of ADJ/ADV

　　* followed by some consequence of that extreme quality

　　e.g.

　　Don is so tall that he can reach the top shelf without any effort.

　　3.such….that

　　和2基本相同，就是形式不太一样：

　　similar to #2, except it's usually such + ADJ + NOUN + that.

　　4.这两个结构是固定搭配，不能插入其他成分!如so....such that...绝对错误!!!

　　so …that V.S. so … as to be/do的用法：

　　so … that可以用作多个主语，so前面的主语和that后面的主语可以不一样;

　　so … as to be/do一般用于单一主语，但是不能相隔太远，否则可以视为错误

　　原理：so … as to事实上是三个结构的结合，so引出的是状语，as指代句子前面的核心含义，to是不定式引导状语结构(adverbial structure)，此不定式修饰的正是前面的核心动词以及该动词的逻辑主语，所以只有当前面只有一个核心动词而且很明确的时候才能够用so…as to，也正因为修饰成分离被修饰词过远会造成修饰不清，所以to be/do结构不能与前面动词不能太远。

　　*：so … as to be/do正确的情况是，so后面加adjective，即：So + ADJECTIVE + as to + VERB

　　关于enough：

　　enough的固定搭配：

　　enough for sb. 对某人来说足够了

　　enough to do something 足够做某事

　　错误搭配：(X) enough + ”that / so as to / so to / so that”。

　　(参考prep语法笔记2-94)enough to, so/such…that…, so/such…as to三者都表示结果,区别在于:enough to表示主观满足,在标准书面语中很少使用; so/such...that不用考虑逻辑主语问题; so/such...as to逻辑主语等于句子主语,即句子主语可以执行as to后面动词所表达的作用

　　The situation can be expressed with the construction the rivalry between x and y or the construction the rivals x and y

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