新概念英语2语法解析:一般过去时

　　(一)定义

　　一般过去时主要用来表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态。常与表过去的时间状语连用。如：

　　He came here yesterday.

We visited Paris last week.

　　(二)基本结构

　　一般过去时的句子结构一般为：

　　主语+was/were/did+其他成分

　　如：

　　She was at the party yesterday evening.

　　They went to the park this Friday.

　　He told me that I could leave for Shanghai.

　　(三)主要用法

　　1、表过去某个时间会发生的动作或状态

　　The dog had a house of its own just now.

　　She came to see me yesterday afternoon.2、表过去习惯性或经常性的动作或状态

　　I smoked a lot when I was a college student.

　　You were always at home on weekends last month.【注意】

　　过去习惯的表达经常会用到used to do，但用了这个短语，往往意味着现在这个习惯已经没有了。如：

He used to smoke a lot. (他过去烟瘾很重。)

　　(四)动词的过去式

　　动词过去式的变化规则主要有：

　　1、+ed

　　大部分动词都直接在词尾加ed。如：played、worked

　　2、+d

　　以不发音的e结尾的动词，直接在词尾加d。如：deleted(删除)、faded(消逝)

　　3、+ied

　　以辅音+y结尾的动词，要改y为i，再加ed。如：studied、cried

　　4、+ked

　　以ic结尾的动词，要先加k再加ed。如：panicked(恐慌)、trafficked(贩运)

　　5、双写+ed

　　当单词以重读闭音节结尾时，要双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。如：stopped、padded(填塞)

　　6、不规则

　　不规则的动词关键在于多识记，如：put-put，come-came，go-went，take-took，lend-lent。

　　(五)标志性词语

　　1、yesterday系列

　　这类时间状语主要有：yesterday、yesterday morning/afternoon/evening、the day before yesterday等。如：

　　I met an old friend on the street the day before yesterday.

　　The band gave a performance at the bar yesterday evening.

　　2、last系列

　　这类时间状语主要是指由“last+时间单位”引导的短语：last Wednesday / last week / last month / last summer / last year等。如：

　　They spent their holiday in Berlin last month.

　　She left for Beijing on business last week.

　　3、ago系列

　　这个短语的意思是“多长时间之前”，其结构为：时间段+ago。如：

　　The train left five minutes ago.

　　The plane arrived an hour ago.

　　4、just now

　　该短语表示“刚才”。如：

　　Our English teacher gave us a lecture on British accent just now.

　　The principal told us just now that there would be a great change in our school this coming summer.

　　5、the other day

　　I left my handbag on the train to Tokyo the other day.

　　She ran into her primary school English teacher at the party the other day.

　　6、“this+过去时间”系列

　　She visited the museum this Thursday.

　　My aunt came here this Tuesday.

　　(六)句型转换

　　1、was/were

　　当句子的谓语动词是由was/were引导时，was/were就相当于助动词，其否定句直接在后面加not即可，疑问句只要把was/were提前即可。如：

　　原句：Kerry was in her hometown last Sunday.

　　否定句：Kerry wasn't in her hometown last Sunday.

　　一般疑问句：Was Kerry in her hometown last Sunday?

　　划线部分提问：Where was Kerry last Sunday?(提问in her hometown)

　　2、did

　　当句子的谓语动词为实义动词(行为动词)时，其否定句和疑问句的变化要借助助动词did。如：

　　原句：Kerry showed me around her hometown last Sunday.

　　一般疑问句：Did Kerry show you around her hometown last Sunday? Yes, she did. / No, she didn't.

　　划线部分提问：When did Kerry show you around her hometown? (提问last Sunday)

　　3、非was/were/did

　　当句子的谓语动词为非was/were/did的动词时(即谓语动词中含有情态动词或助动词时)，其否定句和疑问句的变化与was/were的情况相同。如：

　　原句：It could be worse.

　　否定句：It couldn't be worse.

　　一般疑问句：Could it be worse? Yes, it could. / No, it couldn't.

　　划线部分提问：What could be worse?(提问it)

　　(七)小试牛刀

　　1. He __________(work) in the factory six months ago.

　　2. I __________(see) her on the street last week.

　　3. Mary __________(arrive) at the airport at 7 tomorrow evening.

　　4. The girl __________(have) a cup of coffee now

　　5. When __________ he __________(buy) the car? Last October.

　　6. She __________ (get) up late this morning.

　　7. She __________(not paint) the desk next Friday.

　　8. My father __________(meet) one of his schoolmates at the party the other day.

　　9. __________ (be) you here just now? No, I __________(be not) here.

　　10. He __________ (put) on a coat because it was very cold yesterday.

　　【参考答案】

　　1. worked

　　2. saw

　　3. will arrive

　　4. is having

　　5. did, buy

　　6. got

　　7. will not paint / won't paint

　　8. met

　　9. Were, wasn't / was not

　　10. put

       以上就是本文的全部内容，更多精彩请随时关注新东方长春学校官网。

　　以上就是本文的全部内容，更多精彩内容，请持续关注长春新东方网。