2015年12月四六级考试已经结束。祝贺此次和四六级彻底分手的童靴，而要在2016年和四六级“再续前缘”的人儿却要注意了，因为，四六级又改革了！全国大学英语四六级考试官网刚刚更新了四六级考试听力试题调整说明。为了安抚大家受惊的小心灵，雯儿雯儿老师第一时间给大家解析下四六级听力到底出了什么“幺蛾子”~

一、    四级听力改革情况及样题解析

四级听力最新题型：

测试内容

测试题型

题量

分值比例

短篇新闻3段

选择题（单选）

7题

7%（每题1分）

长对话2篇

选择题（单选）

8题

8%（每题1分）

听力篇章3篇

选择题（单选）

10题

20%（每题2分）

1，四级听力之不变：长对话/篇章听力

原来的长对话（long conversation）和篇章听力（passage）从题型长度难度上都是没有变化的，所以大家正常备考就可以。但要注意的是分值的变化。长队话由原来的7题变成的8题，分值依然是1分/题。而篇章听力却变成的2分/题（原来1分/题）。对于篇章听力容易走神，考点把握不住，音义形无法对应的同学是个很大的挑战。

2，四级听力之变化：短对话变新闻；取消短文听写

原Section A中的短对话（Short conversation）变成了短篇新闻（news report）。共3段新闻，每段新闻后有2-3小题，只读一遍。下面我们来解析一下最新样题：

Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.

1.   A) Christmas-time attacks made by Somali rebels.
B) An explosion at a bus station in central Nairobi.
C) The killing of more than 70 Ugandans in Kampala.
D) Blasts set off by a Somali group in Uganda’s capital.

2.   A) On Christmas Eve.             C) During a security check.
B) Just before midnight.                 D) In the small hours of the morning.

解：通过选项中的关键词attack, Somali rebels, explosion, killing, blast我们可以预测这是一篇关于爆炸袭击的新闻。第一题是爆炸事件地点，伤亡等信息的描述，第二题考时间。

原文：Kenyan police say one person was killed and 26 injured in an explosion at a bus station in central Nairobi. The blast hit a bus about to set off for the Ugandan capital Kampala. Last July, the Somali group al-Shabab said it was behind the blasts in the Ugandan capital which killed more than 70 people. Will Ross reports from the Kenyan capital.
The explosion happened beside a bus which was about to set off for an overnight journey from Nairobi to the Ugandan capital Kampala. Some eyewitnesses report that a bag was about to be loaded on board, but it exploded during a security check. Windows of the red bus were left smashed, and blood could be seen on the ground beside the vehicle. Just hours earlier, Uganda’s police chief had warned of possible Christmas-time attacks by Somali rebels.

1. What is the news report mainly about?
2. When did the incident occur?

解：两道题都是细节题，并且没有干扰项。新闻第一句“Kenyan police say one person was killed and 26 injured in an explosion at a bus station in central Nairobi.”可以确定答案B。“Some eyewitnesses report that a bag was about to be loaded on board, but it exploded during a security check.”爆炸发生在安检时，答案C。

Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.

3.   A) It is likely to close many of its stores.
B) It is known for the quality of its goods.
C) It remains competitive in the recession.
D) It will expand its online retail business.

4.   A) Expand its business beyond groceries.
B) Fire 25,000 of its current employees.
C) Cut its DVD publishing business.
D) Sell the business for one pound.

解：选项关键词close, store, quality, goods, competitive, recession, expand可以预测出和公司发展或经营情况有关。

原文：Woolworths is one of the best known names on the British High Street. It’s been in business nearly a century. Many of its 800 stores are likely to close following the company’s decision to call in administrators after an attempt to sell the business for a token £1 failed.
The company has huge debts. The immediate cause for the collapse has been Britain’s slide toward recession, which has cut into consumer spending. However, the business had been in trouble for years.
Known for low-priced general goods, Woolworths has struggled in the face of competition from supermarkets expanding beyond groceries and a new generation of internet retailers. 
Many of the store group’s 25,000 employees are likely to lose their jobs. Some profitable areas such as the DVD publishing business will survive.

3. What do we learn about Woolworths from the news report?
4. What did Woolworths attempt to do recently?

解：“Many of its 800 stores are likely to close following the company’s decision to call in administrators after an attempt to sell the business for a token £1 failed.”对应第3题的A选项，第4题的D选项。但错误选项的部分信息也有被读到，例如：DVD publishing business, 25000 employee等，考生需要注意区分。

Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.

5.   A) All taxis began to use meters. 
B) All taxis got air conditioning.
C) Advertisements were allowed on taxis.
D) Old taxis were replaced with new cabs.

6.   A) A low interest loan scheme.          

B) Environmentalists’ protests.

C) Taxi passengers’ complaints.

D) Permission for car advertising.

7.   A) There are no more irregular practices.
B) All new cabs provide air-conditioning.
C) New cabs are all equipped with meters.
D) New legislation protects consumer rights.

解：选项中taxi, cab判断和出租车有关，具体关于出租车计费器，空调，广告等问题。

原文：Cairo is known for its overcrowded roads, irregular driving practices and shaky old vehicles, but also for its air pollution. In recent months, though, environmental studies indicate there have been signs of improvement. That’s due in part to the removal of many of the capital’s old-fashioned black and white taxis. Most of these dated back to the 1960s and 70s and were in a poor state of repair.
After new legislation demanded their removal from the roads, a low interest loan scheme was set up with three Egyptian banks so drivers could buy new cars. The government pays about $900 for old ones to be discarded and advertising on the new vehicles helps cover repayments. 
The idea has proved popular with customers ― they can now travel in air-conditioned comfort and because the new cabs are metered, they don’t have to argue over fares. Banks and car manufacturers are glad for the extra business in tough economic times. As for the taxi drivers, most are delighted to be behind the wheel of new cars, although there have been a few complaints about switching from black and white to a plain white colour.

5. What change took place in Cairo recently?
6. What helped bring about the change?
7. Why do customers no longer argue with new cab drivers?

解：“That’s due in part to the removal of many of the capital’s old-fashioned black and white taxis.”本句removal和同义替换第5题的replace，答案选A；

“…a low interest loan scheme was set up with three Egyptian banks so drivers could buy new cars.” 第6题细节题，选A。

“they can now travel in air-conditioned comfort and because the new cabs are metered, they don’t have to argue over fares.”标志词“because”+细节答案，词、选C.

3、四级听力小结

短篇新闻的无论从音频长度，词汇难度都要大大超越之前的短对话。此题对考生的预测，替换，细节听力，注意力的集中都有更高的要求。

下面再来看六级听力的改革情况：

二、六级听力改革情况及样题解析

调整后六级听力部分的试题结构见下表：

测试内容

测试题型

题量

分值比例

长对话2篇

选择题（单选）

8题

8%（每题1分）

听力篇章2篇

选择题（单选）

7题

7%（每题1分）

讲座/讲话3篇

选择题（单选）

10题

20%（每题2分）

1、         六级听力之不变

原来的长对话题型不变，依然是2篇。但题目数量由7道题增至8题，依然每题1分；篇章听力题型不变，但题目数量由原来的3篇共10道题减少至2篇共7题，每题1分。题型及难度没有变化，考生可参考旧题。

2、         六级听力之变化

短对话取消，听写取消。增加讲座/讲话题型3篇共10道题，每题2分，是六级听力考试乃至全卷的关键。

下面我们就来详细解析一下新题型：

Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 16 to 19.

16.  A) They investigate the retirement homes in America.
B) They are on issues facing senior citizens in America.
C) They describe the great pleasures of the golden years.
D) They are filled with fond memories of his grandparents.

17.  A) The loss of the ability to take care of himself.
B) The feeling of not being important any more.
C) Being unable to find a good retirement home.
D) Leaving the home he had lived in for 60 years.

18.  A) The loss of identity and self-worth.
B) Fear of being replaced or discarded.
C) Freedom from pressure and worldly cares.
D) The possession of wealth and high respect.

19.  A) The urgency of pension reform.
B) Medical care for senior citizens.
C) Finding meaningful roles for the elderly in society.
D) The development of public facilities for senior citizens.

原文：

Moderator:
Hello Ladies and Gentleman, it gives me great pleasure to introduce our keynote speaker for today’s session, Dr. Howard Miller. Dr. Miller, Professor of Sociology at Washington University, has written numerous articles and books on the issues facing older Americans in our graying society for the past 15 years. Dr. Miller:

Dr. Miller: Thank you for that introduction. Today, I’d like to preface my remarks with a story from my own life which I feel highlights the common concerns that bring us here together. Several years ago when my grandparents were well into their eighties, they were faced with the reality of no longer being able to adequately care for themselves. My grandfather spoke of his greatest fear, that of leaving the only home they had known for the past 60 years. Fighting back the tears, he spoke proudly of the fact that he had built their home from the ground up, and that he had pounded every nail and laid every brick in the process. The prospect of having to sell their home and give up their independence, and move into a retirement home was an extremely painful experience for them. It was, in my grandfather’s own words, like having a limb cut off. He exclaimed in a forceful manner that he felt he wasn’t important anymore.
For them and some older Americans, their so-called “golden years” are at times not so pleasant, for this period can mean the decline of not only one’s health but the loss of identity and self-worth. In many societies, this self-identity is closely related with our social status, occupation, material possessions, or independence. Furthermore, we often live in societies that value what is “new” or in fashion, and our own usage of words in the English language is often a sign of bad news for older Americans. I mean how would your family react if you came home tonight exclaiming, “Hey, come to the living room and see the OLD black and white TV I brought!” Unfortunately, the word “old” calls to mind images of the need to replace or discard.
Now, many of the lectures given at this conference have focused on the issues of pension reform, medical care, and the development of public facilities for senior citizens. And while these are vital issues that must be addressed, I’d like to focus my comments on an important issue that will affect the overall success of the other programs mentioned. This has to do with changing our perspectives on what it means to be a part of this group, and finding meaningful roles the elderly can play and should play in our societies.
First of all, I’d like to talk about . . .

16. What does the introduction say about Dr. Howard Miller’s articles and books?
17. What is the greatest fear of Dr. Miller’s grandfather?
18. What does Dr. Miller say the “golden years” can often mean?
19. What is the focus of Dr. Miller’s speech?

解：这是一篇关于老龄化社会，老年人的晚年生活等问题的演讲。

16题：选项investigate，issue, describe等词可以预测话题或研究目标及内容。“…has written numerous articles and books on the issues facing older Americans in our graying society for the past 15 years.”答案位置文章开篇，细节题同义替换older换senior, 选B。

17题：选项loss, not being important, unable等词预测老年人生活遇到的困难或问题。原文“My grandfather spoke of his greatest fear, that of leaving the only home they had known for the past 60 years.”原文细节题，选D。

18题：“their so-called “golden years” are at times not so pleasant, for this period can mean the decline of not only one’s health but the loss of identity and self-worth.”转折关系处，细节题，答案A。

19题：选项中pension, medical care, roles, public facilities预测是老年人福利或提供公共设施等信息。原文“and finding meaningful roles the elderly can play and should play in our societies.”细节明示题，答案选D。

3，六级听力小结

原来考生相对容易把握的题目短对话和听写取消，增加文章更长、词句更复杂的演讲题型，并且赋予极大的分值；对于考生考点掌握熟练度，听音辨识敏感度考察力度增加，这会进一步拉大不同水平的考生分数差距。不掌握考试规律，认真练习精听，通过六级考试可能会成为让你很头疼的一件事了。

　　考后关注：

　　全国大学英语四六级真题解析

　　2015年12月英语四六级考试说明及评分标准

　　大学英语四六级考试奥秘：关于分数的计算方法

　　2015大学英语四六级改革新题型算分器

　　2015年12月大学英语四六级成绩查询入口

　　2015年12月英语四六级考试多少分算过？

　　2015大学英语四六级成绩复查方法和成绩证明补办

　　2015年12月英语四六级成绩查询常见问题

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