B support Darwin's theory of evolution.

　　C provide an example of a facial expression whose meaning is widely understood.

　　D contrast a facial expression that is easily understood with other facial expressions.

　　3

　　The word "concur" in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A estimate

　　B agree

　　C expect

　　D understand

　　4

　　The word "them" in the passage refers to

　　A emotions

　　B people

　　C photographs

　　D cultures

　　5

　　According to paragraph 2, which of the following was true of the Fore people of New Guinea?

　　A They did not want to be shown photographs.

　　B They were famous for their story-telling skills.

　　C They knew very little about Western culture.

　　D They did not encourage the expression of emotions.

　　6

　　Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

　　A The Fore's facial expressions indicated their unwillingness to pretend to be story characters.

　　B The Fore were asked to display familiar facial expressions when they told their stories.

　　C The Fore exhibited the same relationship of facial expressions and basic emotions that is seen in Western culture when they acted out stories.

　　D The Fore were familiar with the facial expressions and basic emotions of characters in stories.

　　7

　　According to the passage, what did Darwin believe would happen to human emotions that were not expressed?

　　A They would become less intense.

　　B They would last longer than usual.

　　C They would cause problems later.

　　D They would become more negative.

　　8

　　According to the passage, research involving which of the following supported "the facial-feedback hypothesis"?

　　A The reactions of people in experiments to cartoons.

　　B The tendency of people in experiments to cooperate.

　　C The release of neurotransmitters by people during experiments.

　　D The long-term effects of repressing emotions.

　　9

　　The word "rate" in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A judge

　　B reject

　　C draw

　　D want

　　10

　　The word "relevant" in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A contradictory

　　B confusing

　　C dependent

　　D applicable

　　11

　　According to the passage, stiffening the upper lip may have which of the following effects?

　　A It first suppresses stress, then intensifies it.

　　B It may cause fear and tension in those who see it.

　　C It can damage the lip muscles.

　　D It may either heighten or reduce emotional response.

　　12

　　Look at the four squares [ ] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.

　　This universality in the recognition of emotions was demonstrated by using rather simple methods.

　　Where would the sentence best fit?

　　A ：A

　　B ：B

　　C ：C

　　D ：D

　　13

　　Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.

　　Psychological research seems to confirm that people associate particular facial expressions with the same emotions across cultures.

　　A Artificially producing the Duchenne smile can cause a person to have pleasant feelings.

　　B Facial expressions and emotional states interact with each other through a variety of feedback mechanisms.

　　C People commonly believe that they can control their facial expressions so that their true emotions remain hidden.

　　D A person's facial expression may reflect the person's emotional state.

　　E Ekman argued that the ability to accurately recognize the emotional content of facial expressions was valuable for human beings.

　　F Facial expressions that occur as a result of an individual's emotional state may themselves feedback information that influences the person's emotions.

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