GMAT逻辑题练习及答案(399)

2017-09-29 10:10

来源：新东方在线

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　　GMAT逻辑题目:

　　Zelda: Dr. Ladlow, a research psychologist,has convincingly demonstrated that his theory about the determinants of ratbehavior generates consistently accurate predictions about how rats willperform in a maze. On the basis of this evidence, Dr. Ladlow has claimed thathis theory is irrefutably correct.

　　Anson: Then Dr. Ladlow is not a responsiblepsychologist, Dr. Ladlow’s evidence does not conclusively prove that his theoryis correct. Responsible psychologists always accept the possibility that newevidence will show that their theories are incorrect.

　　Which one of the following can beproperly inferred from Anson’s argument?

　　A. Dr.Ladlow’s evidence that his theory generates consistently accurate predictionsabout how rats will perform in a maze is inaccurate.

　　B. Psychologistswho can derive consistently accurate predictions about how rats will perform ina maze from their theories cannot responsibly conclude that those theoriescannot be disproved.

　　C. Nomatter how responsible psychologists are, they can never develop correcttheoretical explanations.

　　D. Responsiblepsychologists do not make predictions about how rats will perform in a maze.

　　E. Psychologistswho accept the possibility that new evidence will show that their theories areincorrect are responsible psychologists.

　　参考答案：B

　　思路：1. After reading the question, I know that it is an INFERENCE question. I know that the answer is a REQUIRED condition for the conclusion.

　　2. Read the argument and understand that the Anson’s conclusion is: Dr. Ladlow is not a responsible psychologist. The premise is: a. research was not conclusive, and b. Responsible psychologists always accept the possibility that new evidence will show that their theories are incorrect.

　　3. Read the choices.

　　a. Typical wrong answer. It is irrelevant because whether the evidence is accurate or not is not what Anson cares about. It is the conclusiveness of the evidence that he cares about. Whether it is accurate or not, if the two conditions in (2) are met, the doctor is not responsible according to Anson’s argument.

　　b. Reads like right answer. It follows both 2a and 2b. Use “not” to test it: Psychologists who can derive consistently accurate predictions about how rats will perform in a maze from their theories CAN responsibly conclude that those theories cannot be disproved. It is a statement that directly counters Anson’s argument. So if Not B is true, Anson’s argument does not hold.

　　c. This is another typical wrong answer. It is contrary to what Anson argues. So it cannot be right. Use “not” to test it and I can see that Not C is in accordance with Anson. So C is not right.

　　d. D does not follow the reasoning of Anson. Anson does not care about if it is about rats in a maze or birds in a cage. What he cares about is how theories are drawn by psychologists. So D can be removed quickly.

　　e. Another typical wrong answer. A  B does not equal to B  A. Basic logic error.

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