GMAT逻辑题目:

　　【逻辑】

　　Paper and plasticgrocery bags are a continuing problem for the city, both as litter and inlandfills. To discourage their use, the city has proposed a tax on each bag, tobe paid by the supermarkets that supply them. Several environmental groups,however, oppose the tax, despite having brought the issue to the council'sattention in the first place. Whichof the following, if true, would best explain the environmental groups’opposition to the proposed tax?

　　A. Thecity's current tax revenue is insufficient to pay the cost of recycling paperand plastic grocery bags.

　　B. The cost to the city ofcollecting and disposing of a grocery bag is greater than the proposed tax perbag.

　　C. Plastic bags account for 90percent of the grocery bags that litter the city's streets and take up space inlandfills.

　　D. Only supermarkets distributingmore than a certain number of grocery bags each month would be subject to theproposed tax.

　　E. Supermarkets plan to pass thetax on to consumers, who are unlikely to change their behavior based on thesmall increase in their grocery bills.

GMAT逻辑答案:

　　Reasoning Whywould environmental groups oppose a tax intended to discourage the use of bagsthat cause environmental problems? The environmental groups brought the issueto the city council's attention, so they do want to prevent the problems thebags cause. If the environmental groups oppose the tax, they must think thatthe tax will not actually help solve the problem, or that it will cause otherproblems. Therefore, look for an answer option that explains why the environmentalgroups might think that.

　　A. If the city cannot currentlyafford to recycle the bags, that's all the more reason for environmental groupsto support the tax, which could discourage use of the bags and give the cityenough funding to recycle them.

　　B. The objective of the tax is todiscourage the use of paper and plastic grocery bags, but the information inthis answer option gives no reason to think that the environmental groupsoppose the tax on the grounds that it would fail to achieve the objective.

　　C. If plastic bags are a worseproblem than paper bags, that would be a reason to tax the plastic bags moreheavily, not to oppose taxing bags at all.

　　D. If most bags are distributed bysmaller supermarkets that would not be subject to the tax, that might be a reasonto extend the tax to cover those supermarkets as well, but it would not be areason to oppose the tax.

　　E. Correct. This suggests that the tax willnot help reduce the litter and landfill problems the environmental groups wantto solve. Therefore, it could be a reason for them to oppose the tax (perhapsin order to institute an alternative measure that would be more likely toachieve the desired result).

　　The correct answer is E.