1 Factory workers in Beltania are guaranteed lifetime jobs， bonuses paid on the

　　basis of productivity and corporate profits， and a wage rate that is not attached

　　to a particular job. Paradoxically， these guarantees do not discourage factory

　　owners from introducing labor-saving machinery. Such innovations are to the

　　factory owners‘ advantage despite the fact that the owners must protect the

　　wages of their workers.

　　A Which of the following， if true， most helps to explain why the introduction of labor-

　　saving machinery is advantageous to factory owners?

　　B Before a Beltanian factory worker is hired， he or she must present a record

　　of his or her previous productivity.

　　C Labor-saving machinery increases productivity， thus yielding profits that

　　more than cover the cost of retraining workers for other jobs.

　　D The purchase and maintenance of new machinery adds significantly to the

　　final cost of the goods produced.

　　E Factory workers demand a change of procedure in the routine tasks they perform.

　　Limited competition exists among Beltanian factories for consumer markets.

　　答案。B

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